What the Research Says

Dual coding combines verbal and visual memory. For RS, draw comparison diagrams (Christianity vs Islam on the afterlife), mind maps of the Six Beliefs of Islam, or annotated source maps showing where key quotes come from. Paivio (1986) showed this doubles retention.

Step-by-Step Method

1. 1
   Choose a topic — E.g. the Five Pillars or Christian attitudes to war.
2. 2
   Create a visual — Comparison table, mind map, or flow chart.
3. 3
   Add key quotes — Include specific sources of authority.
4. 4
   Test — Cover labels and recall.
5. 5
   Redraw from memory — Compare and fix gaps.

When and How Often

25 minutes per topic.

Common Mistakes

• ❌
  Too decorative — Clarity matters more than aesthetics.
• ❌
  Copying from notes — Draw from memory first.
• ❌
  No quotes — Always include sources of authority.